Astronomy turns our eyes to the skies.

Chapter List

130 - 1640 Ptolemy to Galileo

From Ptolemy and Greek Science to Galileo to Kepler astronomy was defined by the discoveries of celestial bodies, the moons of Jupiter, the rings of Saturn, gravity and inertia.

1688 - 1796 Newton to Nebular Theory of the Solar System

Newton wrote the The Principia, introduced the laws of motion, including the first law of motion and the second law of motion, which included the concepts of the law of inertia, velocity and force, and used calculus co-invented by Wilhelm Leibnitz to lay the ground for discoveries by Sir William Herschel and Pierre Laplace.

1846 - The Planet Neptune is Discovered

Neptune was discovered by John Adams and Le Verrier, and Pluto was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh using the principles of Copernicus and Kepler.

1905 - Einstein's Theories of Special and General Relativity

Special Relativity and General Relativity, were theories created by Albert Einstein in which he defined the speed of light and produced the formula E=MC2.

1929 - The Expanding Universe

Understanding the expanding Universe began with Copernicus and the discovery of the universe and the further discoveries of nebula and galaxies, which were added to by Edwin Hubble and his theory of the Big Bang.

1963 - Quasars

Quasars were discovered by Martin Schmidt.

1967 - Dwarfs; Neutron Stars, Pulsars and Black Holes

White Dwarfs, Neutron Stars, Pulsars and Black Holes are part of our universe.

1990 - The Great Attractor and Dark Matter

Great Attractor and Dark Matter are mysterious aspects of our universe.

2004 - Organic Material Found on Extrasolar Planet

21st century astronomers saw billions of galaxies, hypothesized the big bang and discovered extra solar planets.